From: Indonesian food culture mapping: a starter contribution to promote Indonesian culinary tourism
Characteristics | Western part of Indonesia | Central part of Indonesia | Eastern part of Indonesia | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Natural environment: geographical position, temperature, landscapes | Sumatera | Tropic, hot, humid, many volcanoes, fertile, green, lush, many paddy fields. | Kalimantan | ▪ Tropic, hot, humid. ▪ A lot of rainforests ▪ Swampy coastlines ▪ Many big and long rivers | East Nusa Tenggara | Hot and drier |
Java | Sulawesi | Maluku | ▪ Contains of hundreds of small islands ▪ Hot and humid but fertile for spices to grow (known as Spices Islands). | |||
Bali | West Papua | ▪ Hot and drier, but some parts of the regions have snowy mountains. ▪ A lot of rainforests and swampy coastline. ▪ Many rivers and lakes | ||||
West Nusa Tenggara (Lombok) | Tropic, hot, humid, fertile and green although in some parts are drier. | |||||
Socio-cultural: Major ethnic groups, religion | Sumatera | ▪ Acehnese, Bataknese, Padangnese, more Chinese groups in North Sumatera. ▪ The majority are Muslims, except Bataknese are mainly Christian. | Kalimantan | ▪ Dayak, Banjar, and Chinese ▪ The majority are Muslims | East Nusa Tenggara | ▪ Timorese ▪ The majority are Christian and Catholic |
Java | ▪ Javanese, Sundanese, Madurese. ▪ The majority are Muslims. | Sulawesi | ▪ Minahasan, Bugis, Torajan ▪ The majority are Muslims except for Minahasan, the majority are Christian. | Maluku | ▪ Ambonese ▪ The majority are Christian and Catholic | |
Bali | ▪ Balinese ▪ The majority are Hindus. | West Papua | ▪ Some indigenous ethnic groups are still practising a very traditional ways of live. ▪ The majority are Christian and Catholic | |||
West Nusa Tenggara (Lombok) | ▪ Sasak ethnic group. ▪ Half are Hindus and the rest are Muslims. | |||||
Food: Staple food, spices/herbs, main ingredients, flavours | Sumatera | ▪ The influence of Middle East and Indian culture are strong in the regions. ▪ The cuisines have a very strong flavour (spicy, sour, thick that comes from heavy usage of coconut milk in cooking the dishes). ▪ Rice is the staple food. ▪ Beef, chicken as meats used in the dishes, along with vegetables. ▪ For Chinese and some Christian Bataknese, pork is eaten. | Kalimantan | ▪ Rice is the staple food. ▪ Freshwater fish is abundant. | East Nusa Tenggara | ▪ Corn and cassava is the staple food |
Java | ▪ Rice is the staple food. Maduranese eat corn as their main food. ▪ Beef, chicken as meats used in the dishes along with vegetables. ▪ Foods are sweeter in Central Java and the opposites in East Java. | Sulawesi | ▪ Rice is the staple food. ▪ North Sulawesi cuisine has a very strong and spicy flavour; also some dishes contain extremely unfamiliar ingredients. ▪ Freshwater fish and seafood are abundant. ▪ Known as the best seafood produce in Indonesia. | Maluku | ▪ Corn and cassava is the staple food, some eat papeda as the main food. ▪ Seafood is the main ingredients of the foods. ▪ Land of spices and fresh herbs | |
Bali | ▪ Rice is the staple food. ▪ Pork is common in Balinese cuisine. ▪ Many Balinese dishes are spicy. | West Papua | ▪ Corn and cassava is the staple food, some eat papeda as the main food. ▪ Seafood is the main ingredients of the foods. | |||
West Nusa Tenggara (Lombok) | ▪ Rice is the staple food. ▪ The signature flavour of Lombok cuisine is spicy. |